Memahami Aturan yang Berlaku dalam Penulisan Headline Surat Kabar Berbahasa Inggris

bahasa inggris Grammar

Memahami Aturan yang Berlaku dalam Penulisan Headline Surat Kabar Berbahasa Inggris

Jangan lupa membaca artikel tentang bisnis di > Informasi bisnis terbaik 2020.

Salah satu cara mengasah keterampilan kita dalam berbahasa Inggris adalah dengan banyak membaca artikel surat kabar berbahasa Inggris. Dengan bacaan bahasa Inggris, kita akan lebih mengenal berbagai topik yang dikemukakan. Bacaan dan topik yang berbeda pula, kosakata kita juga akan semakin bertambah juga. Selain itu, kita akan lebih mengenal gaya bahasa yang digunakan dalam tulisan artikel baik secara grammatikal maupun secara makna kontekstual. 

ilustrasi gambar

Satu hal yang kita perhatikan dalam artikel surat kabar adalah pada penulisan judul atau headline artikel. Headline artikel dalam surat kabar dirancang untuk menarik perhatian sehingga dibuat jelas, singkat dan padat. Aturan tata bahasa pun berbeda dengan  bahasa Inggris yang kita gunakan sehari-hari. 

Untuk memperjelas tentang aturan apa yang berbeda dalam menulis headline majalah atau koran berbahasa Inggris  berikut beberapa aturan yang perlu diperhatikan. Dilansir dari situs belajar bahasa Inggris, english lessons brighton, ada delapan aturan yang berlaku untuk menulis headline majalah atau koran berbahasa Inggris.

Penggunaan Simple Present Tense untuk kejadian di masa lalu

Bentuk simple present tense digunakan untuk menekankan kejadian yang terjadi, bukanlah kejadian yang sudah selesai terjadi. Sebagai contoh, saya sitat dua buah headline dari situs berita berbahasa Inggris, The Jakarta Post, 

• Indonesia sends more toxic waste, trash back to US, Europe, Australia
• Kontras records 643 cases of assault by police over course of year

Pada kedua judul diatas, informasi lebih menekankan pada kejadian yang terjadi, bukanlah kejadian yang sudah selesai terjadi. 

Penghilangan kata kerja bantu  (auxiliary verbs)

Pada pemakaian bentuk pasif,  kalimat bentuk perfect, dan contiunuous, biasanya dihilangkan bentuk kata kerja bantu yang menyertainya. Untuk lebih jelasnya, pada contoh berikut ini,

• New policy decided by Parliament (New policy has been decided by Parliament)
• One man killed after 81kg meth found in car tires (One man was killed after 81kg meth found in car tires)

Penggunaan Infinitive untuk bentuk ang akan datang (future)

Dalam headline biasanya menggunakan bentuk to infinitive untuk menyatakan bentuk yang akan datang (future tense)

• Parliament to decide new policy tomorrow
• President to visit France for further talks

Penghilangan bentuk article ( A, An, The)

• Prime Minister hikes Alps for charity (The Prime Minister hiked the Alps)
• Man releases rabid dog in park (A man released a rabid dog in a park)

Penghilangan bentuk "To Be"

• Residents unhappy about new road (residents are unhappy)
• Family of murder victim satisfied with court decision (family of murder victim is satisfied.)

Penghilangan bentuk “to say” dalam kalimat reported speech

Reported speech biasana dinyatakan dengan bentuk titik dua (:), dengan subjek diperkenalkan pada bentuk ‘on…’. 

• Mr Jones: “They’re not taking my house!”
• Bush on Iraqi invasion: “This aggression will not stand.”
• "I want to take a break from politics": Sandiaga 

Penggantian conjunctions dengan punctuation

Seperti halnya pada bentuk reported speech, punctuation seperti  koma, titik dua, titik dua, tanda hubung, dan sebagainya dapat menggantikan semua konjungsi, atau beberapa kata kerja yang bergabung, untuk bergabung dengan klausa. Koma juga dapat digunakan untuk bergabung dengan kata benda akan tetapi bentuk ini lebih umum digunakan dalam American English.

• Police arrest serial killer – close case on abductions
• Fire in bakery: hundreds dead
• Man kills 5, self

Penggunaan Angka

• 9 killed in plane crash hawaii
• 7 days Eid ul Fitr holidays announced, Nine day long weekend

Itulah delapan aturan grammar dalam penulisan headline koran atau majalah berbahasa Inggris. Hal ini mempertegas bahwa bahasa Inggris memiliki aturan yang kadang berbeda diterapkan dalam berbagai situasi contohnya dalam pembuatan headline majalah atau koran. Akhirnya semoga tulisan ini bermanfaat bagi anda yang sedang mencari pokok bahasan ini.

Salam.

Referensi Tulisan :

http://www.englishlessonsbrighton.co.uk/8-grammar-rules-writing-newspaper-headlines

Sumber contoh topik headline 

https://www.thejakartapost.co

https://timesofislamabad.com/

Sumber http://www.ahzaa.net/

Selain sebagai media informasi pendidikan, kami juga berbagi artikel terkait bisnis.

Artikel bisnis dan investasi

Latihan Soal Ujian Nasional (UN) Bahasa Inggris SMP/ MTs Tahun 2019

bahasa inggris Bahasa Inggris UNBK SMP

Latihan Soal Ujian Nasional (UN) Bahasa Inggris SMP/ MTs Tahun 2019

Jangan lupa membaca artikel tentang bisnis di > Informasi bisnis terbaik 2020.

Ujian Nasional tingkat SMP/ MTs akan dilaksanakan sebentar lagi. Hampir semua satuan pendidikan pada tahun ini melaksanakan UN melalui Moda Ujian Berbasis Komputer (UNBK).  Namun hal yang terpenting pada pelaksanaan ujian nasional sebenarnya bukanlah moda pelaksanaan melalui sistem UNBK akan tetapi pada tingkat komposisi kesulitan soal dengan asumsi soal- soal bertipe HOTS akan lebih banyak lagi diterapkan dibanding tahun- tahun sebelumnya. 

Para siswa tentu sudah mempersiapkan jauh- jauh hari, mempelajari dan memahami bentuk- bentuk soal level tersebut. Banyak referensi yang terupdate melalui buku, ujian online, try out ujian sudah menerapkan tingkatan soal tipe HOTS sehingga siswa tidaklah canggung lagi atau menemui kesulitan karena telah terbiasa. 

Sukses UN

Satu lagi dari blog Ahzaa tentang latihan soal bahasa Inggris untuk menghadapi ujian nasional bahasa Inggris SMP. Tentu saja, bentuk soal sudah disesuaikan dengan kisi- kisi UN 2019 dan bentuk tipe soal yang terupdate. Latihan soal ini sebagai tambahan referensi latihan dengan nuansa yang berbeda yaitu dikerjakan secara online dengan penskoran otomatis setelah mengerjakan soal. Latihan soal dapat dikerjakan melalui PC maupun smartphone adik- adik.

Nah, langsung saja berikut latihan soal Ujian Nasional (UN) Bahasa Inggris SMP/ MTs tahun pelajaran 2018/2019.

=======================================================================================

Text for number 1 to 3
Congratulation

Syafira Ananda
The 1st winner
National English Debating Competition 2019
We are proud of your achievement and wish you best of luck in the future

Principle

1. Why did the principle write that card?
To express wishes to Syafira
To celebrate Syafira’s achievement
To appreciate Syafira’s achievement
To invite Syafira to the same event

2. “We are proud of your achievement”.
We can infer from the statement that the principle is … with Syafira’s achievement.
amazed
surprised
grateful
delighted

First wash cycle
There may be water let inside your machine after factory tests and trials. It is recommended that the first wash cycle should be made without any laundry so that carry out this water; pour half a measuring cup of normal all purposes detergent into compartment 2 and select cotton program at 90°C.

BEFORE WASHING
Discrimination of your laundry.
• Discriminate your clothes according to their types (cotton, synthetic, sensitive, woolen, etc.), washing temperatures and level of dirtiness.
• Never wash your white and coloured clothes together.
• Since your new coloured clothes may shed dye on the first wash, wash them separately.
• Be careful that no metal pieces are found on or in the pockets of your clothes, remove if there is any. Zip and button your clothes.
• Remove the plastic or metal hooks of the curtains and laces or place them inside a washing bag and tie.

3. What is the purpose of the text?
To show us how to get the washing machine
To describe the washing machine in more detail
To tell what to do before washing the laundry
To inform the steps how a washing machine is made


4. To avoid the machine broken …
we have to stop washing curtain and laces
we must separate the coloured clothes from the plain ones
we must zip and button our clothes
we should remove metal and plastic pieces from the clothes

5. We discriminate the clothes according to their type because …
different types of clothes needs different type of washing
each clothes has different level of dirtiness
each type of clothes needs different temperature
our clothes needs special attention

6. “… of curtains and laces or place them inside a washing bag”
The word "them" refers to ....

curtains
laces
metal hooks
plastic metal hooks

One day a king stepped out of the gates of his palace and found a man standing there. The man had a plump chicken in his hands. On seeing the king he bowed respectfully and said: “Maharaj, I gambled in your name and won this chicken. It belongs to you. Please accept it."
“Give it to my poultry keeper," said the king.
A few days later the king saw the man standing outside the gates again. This time he had a goat with him. “I won this goat in your name, Maharaj," he said after saluting the ruler. “It belongs to you.”
The king was pleased.
“Give it to my goalkeeper,” he said.
Some weeks later the man was at the palace gates once again.
This time he had two men with him.
“I lost 500 varahas to each of these men while playing in your name, Maharaj,” said the man. “I have no money to pay them."
The king realized he had made a mistake in accepting the man‘s gifts on the previous occasions. Now he could not refuse to help him. He paid off the two men and warned the gambler never to play in his name again.

7. What is the text about?
a tricky gambler
an innocent king
a man with his bad habit
a misfortune gambler

8. What is the complication of the text?
The king didn't believe in the gamblers
The gamblers brought gifts to the king
The king was thoughtless when receiving the gifts
The gamblers won the game

9. What happened when the gamblers lost in the game?
The gamblers got punishment
The king had to pay them off
The gamblers has to give the gifts back
The king got angry

10. In your opinion, how is the gambler?
Arrogant
Deceitful
Obedient
Loyal

Text for number 11-14
Niagara Falls is the most famous water fall in the world because of its beauty and immense size. Niagara Falls is part of the Niagara River. The Niagara is a short river, just 35 miles (56 kilometers) long. It connects Lake Erie and Lake Ontario in eastern North America. East of the river is the United States. West of the river is Canada. About halfway between the two lakes, a sharp drop in the river makes Niagara Falls.
Niagara Falls is actually two giant waterfalls and one smaller one. Goat Island, in New York state, lies between the two main falls. One big waterfall, called American Falls, is on the U.S. side of the river. American Falls has a fairly straight edge. The waterfall is 1,075 feet (328 meters) wide and 182 feet (55 meters) high. A small part of American Falls, located near Goat Island, is called Bridal Veil Falls.
The biggest of the two giant waterfalls is in Canada and is known as the Canadian Falls. It’s also called the Horseshoe Falls because of its horseshoe shape. The curved edge of the Canadian Falls measures 2,200 feet (670 meters) wide, and the water drops 187 feet (57 meters). The Canadian Falls carries nine times more water than the American Falls.
Niagara Falls is a popular tourist attraction. Millions of people come each year to watch the spectacular waterfalls. You can take a boat trip to see the falls from below. You can also watch from observation decks above or beside the falls. You can even enter the Cave of the Winds, a path that takes you to the base of Bridal Veil Falls. Visitors must wear bright-yellow rain jackets to stay dry.
Niagara Falls makes an enormous, ground-shaking roar and a huge cloud of water mist. Rainbows shine through the mist. At night, the falls are lit with colored lights, creating a brilliant display.

Taken from : Microsoft Encarta 2009

11. What does the text tell us about?
The great beauty of Niagara Falls
Niagara Falls as the popular tourist resort
A famous waterfall in United States
The origin of Niagara Falls

12. Based on the text, we know that ….
Niagara Falls is a part of the Niagara river located in two countries; Mexico and United States
Niagara Falls has two main waterfalls
The Canadian Falls is the biggest part of Niagara Falls which is known as the Horseshoe Falls
The American Falls carries nine times more water than the Canadian Falls

13. The main idea of the last paragraph is ....
The huge size of Niagara falls
Niagara falls as the tourist resort
The location of Niagara falls
The beauty of Niagara falls

14. The word “enormous” in the last paragraph has the similar meaning to ….
excessive
modest
small
short

Text for number 15-16
February 25, 2017
Dear Chandra Barata,
We are happy to announce that our newly renovated restaurant is now ready. We are cordially invite you to our grand opening of our newly renovated restaurant on March 1, 2017 at our location Basudewo Street 51 Semarang with a free dinner at 7.30 p.m.
Please, confirm of your attendance by February 28 by phone (085221675434) or e-mail at Lyraresto@gmail.com.
We look forward to seeing you on Thursday.

Yours faithfully,


Janu Danuarta

15. Based on the text, we can conclude that ….
The grand opening will be held in the new address of the restaurant
The location of the restaurant is different from the old one
The confirmation can be done both by email or phone
The invitee will pay all of the menu in the grand opening

16. What is the writer’s objective to write the letter?
To summon his client to open new restaurant
To ask his client to enjoy free dinner
To tell his client about opening newly renovated restaurant
To have his client attend the grand opening of newly renovated restaurant

Text for number 17-19

17. What is the social function of the text?
To give detail information of a product
To describe a product in brief
To explain how to use a product
To persuade the readers to buy a product

18. What does the least thing the product contain?
Vitamin C
Iron
Dietary fiber
Cholesterol

19. Who will concern with the label?
A person who creates the product
A person who wants to buy the product
A person who wants to sell the product
A person who concerns with health condition

It was the last day of our vacation. My sister and I were buying some souvenirs when we saw a poster for a Jay-Z concert. We tried to buy ticket but they had sold out. We were really disappointed because we had wanted to do something special on our last night. In the end, we went to a restaurant. While we were ordering our meal, Jay-Z walked in and sat at the table next to us! We told him we were big fans of him. We really wanted to watch his concert but the tickets were sold out. He felt sorry and invited us to the concert. We had the best night ever.
(taken form Got it level 3 student book and workbook. Philipina Bowen and Dennis Delaney)

20. The writer shares his experience to show …
how lucky he was to get a chance to see Jay-Z concert
how wonderful the Jay-Z concert was
how easy to get the tickets for the concert
how important the last day of his holiday was

21. The writer was surprised to see Jay-Z at the restaurant because it is …
well planned
on purpose
accidentally
unplanned before

22. The writer wouldn’t watch the Jay-Z concert … he didn’t go to the restaurant.
so
if
but
since

Mrs. Emily,
My daughter just told me that you gave a visit to our home this morning. I am so sorry I was not at home. I have medical check-up at the central hospital in town. I would like to ask you to have dinner next Saturday night so we can have a chat. I will be happy if you could come.

Mrs. Diana

23. Why does Mrs. Diana write the message to Mrs. Emily?
meet her daughter and ask her to give a visit
apologize and invite her for dinner
ask her to have dinner and show her medical record
come to her house and accompany her to hospital

24. What will Mrs. Emily do on receiving the message?
Forgive all Mrs. Diana’s mistakes
Tell Mrs. Diana whether she could come for dinner or not
Inform Mrs. Diana that she will give a visit soon
Come to Mrs. Diana’s house for dinner

Dear Evan,

I'd like to invite you for dinner to our house warming this week on Saturday at 6 p.m. Please confirm your attendance.

Best,
Rian

25. Why does Rian write this card?
To celebrate a house warming
To remind about the house warming
To come on time for a house warming
To confirm a house warming

26. What should Evan do after receiving this card?
Call Rian
Come with Rian
Save this card
Set a reminder

The word tornado is from the Spanish word tronada, which means “thunderstorm”. It is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air which is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud. Cumulonimbus cloud is a type of cloud that is tall, dense, and involved in thunderstorms and other intense weather. It is a result of atmospheric instability.
Tornadoes come in many sizes but are typically in the form of a visible condensation funnel. It is a funnel-shaped cloud of condensed water droplets, associated with a rotating column of wind and extending form the base of a cloud. This funnel’s narrow end touches the earth and is often encircled by a cloud of debris and dust. Most tornadoes have wind speeds, between 64 km/h and 179 km/h.
Although tornadoes have been observed on every continent except Antarctica most occur in the United States. They also commonly occur in Southern Canada, South-Central and Eastern Asia, East Central South America.

27. What is the text mostly about?
The kinds and the effect of tornado
The cause and the danger of tornado
The effect and the size of tornado
The formation and the shape of tornado
28. 13. What happens when the funnel‘s narrow end touches the earth?
Debris and dust will be vanished
It will bring debris and dust
It will destroy debris and dust
Debris and dust will be buried

29. Who probably writes the text?
A reporter
A scientist
A student
A historian

30. Tornado happens because of the air, the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud …
come in different time
touch each other
meets in large places
leave after one another
Score =
Correct answers:

=======================================================================================

Demikian latihan soal yang bisa adik- adik kerjakan sebagai bahan latihan menghadapi ujian nasional bahasa Inggris mendatang. Semoga memberikan manfaat dan tambahan referensi soal. bagikan bila tulisan ini bermanfaat serta jangan lupa untuk menuliskan skor pada kolom komentar.

Semoga sukses.

Sumber http://www.ahzaa.net/

Selain sebagai media informasi pendidikan, kami juga berbagi artikel terkait bisnis.

Artikel bisnis dan investasi